All the US Citizenship Test Questions and Answers for 2026 (Free PDF and Video)
Every official USCIS civics question with current, verified answers, covering both the 2008 test (100 questions, 6 of 10 to pass) and the 2025 test (128 questions, 12 of 20 to pass). Your N-400 filing date decides which version you take: before October 20, 2025 means the 2008 test, on or after means the 2025 test. Download the full PDF for free, or study hands-free with the complete video. No signup, no email.
Download the free PDF
Every civics question and answer grouped by topic, plus the full reading and writing vocabulary at the end. Pick the version that matches your N-400 filing date. No email, no account.
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Watch: every question, read aloud
Prefer to listen? The full video reads every civics question and its official answer out loud, with a countdown to recall each one. Switch between the 2025 (128-question) and 2008 (100-question) versions.
Which test do you take: 2008 or 2025?
There are two versions of the civics test, and the one you take is set by your Form N-400 filing date, not the date of your interview.
2008 test · 100 questions
You take this if you filed before October 20, 2025. The officer asks up to 10 questions and you need 6 correct to pass.
2025 test · 128 questions
You take this if you filed on or after October 20, 2025. The officer asks up to 20 questions and you need 12 correct to pass.
Not sure yet? Study the version that matches your filing date, and take the full US citizenship test practice on the web, where you can pick either version and run a timed mock interview, free.
Preview: sample questions and answers
A sample from the 2025 set. Every question and answer is in the free PDF, and you can practice all of them interactively →
Q1.What is the form of government of the United States?
A: Republic; Constitution-based federal republic; Representative democracy
Q2.What is the supreme law of the land?
A: The Constitution
Q3.Name one thing the U.S. Constitution does.
A: Forms the government; Defines powers of government; Defines the parts of government; Protects the rights of the people
Q4.The U.S. Constitution starts with the words 'We the People.' What does 'We the People' mean?
A: Self-government; Popular sovereignty; Consent of the governed; People should govern themselves; The government's power comes from the people
Q5.How are changes made to the U.S. Constitution?
A: Amendments; The amendment process
Q6.What does the Bill of Rights protect?
A: The basic rights of Americans; (The basic) rights of people living in the United States
Q7.How many amendments does the U.S. Constitution have?
A: Twenty-seven (27)
Q8.Why is the Declaration of Independence important?
A: It announced (declared) our independence from Great Britain; It said that the United States is free from Great Britain; It said that all people are created equal; It identified (lists) some of the rights people have
Q9.What founding document said the American colonies were free from Britain?
A: Declaration of Independence
Q10.Name two rights in the Declaration of Independence.
A: Life; Liberty; Pursuit of happiness
Q11.What is freedom of religion?
A: You can practice any religion you want, or not practice at all
Q12.What is the economic system of the United States?
A: Capitalism; Free market economy; Market economy
Q13.What is the rule of law?
A: Everyone must follow the law; Leaders must obey the law; Government must obey the law; No one is above the law
Q14.Name the three branches of government.
A: Legislative, Executive, Judicial
Q15.The idea of self-government is in the first three words of the Constitution. What are these words?
A: We the People
Q16.What stops one branch of government from becoming too powerful?
A: Checks and balances; Separation of powers
Q17.Who is in charge of the executive branch?
A: The President
Q18.Name one power of the President.
A: Signs bills into law; Vetoes bills; Enforces laws; Commander in Chief of the military; Chief diplomat
Which civics answers change
Most of the civics questions have fixed answers. A handful do not, because they ask about who currently holds an office or about your specific state. These are the ones people get wrong most often, so confirm the current answer for where you live before your interview:
- Who is one of your state's U.S. senators now?
- Who is your U.S. representative now?
- Who is the governor of your state now?
- What is the capital of your state?
Federal answers that turn on who holds an office (the President, Vice President, Speaker of the House, and the number of Supreme Court justices) can also change, so our bank is kept current and the PDFs carry a visible generated-on date.
Common questions
Which civics test will I take, the 2008 or the 2025 version?
It depends on your Form N-400 filing date, not your interview date. Filed before October 20, 2025 means the 2008 test (100 questions). On or after October 20, 2025 means the 2025 test (128 questions). This page and the PDFs cover both, so study the one that matches your filing date.
How many questions is the actual test, and what score passes?
The civics test is a spoken interview, not a written quiz. On the 2008 test the officer asks up to 10 questions and you need 6 correct. On the 2025 test the officer asks up to 20 questions and you need 12 correct. The officer stops once you reach a passing score.
Are these the real, official questions?
Yes. These are the official USCIS civics questions, the same ones the officer can ask, with current verified answers. Citizen Pass is an independent study tool and is not affiliated with USCIS.
Is the PDF really free? What is inside it?
Yes, it is free to download with no email and no account, and free to share and print. Each PDF has every civics question and answer for that test version, grouped by topic, plus the full official reading and writing vocabulary lists at the end.
Some answers change, like who my senators are. How is that handled?
A few questions have answers that depend on where you live (your U.S. senators, your U.S. representative, your governor, your state capital) or on who currently holds an office. Those are marked so you can look up the current answer for your state before your interview.
What happens if I fail the civics test?
A fail is not an automatic denial. USCIS gives you a second attempt, generally 60 to 90 days later, and re-tests you only on the portion you did not pass. Confirm the current process with USCIS.
Do I have to take the test in English?
The civics test is usually part of an English-language interview. Some applicants qualify, based on age and years as a permanent resident, to take civics in their own language or are exempt from the English requirement. Confirm your eligibility with USCIS.
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Practice every civics question free on the web, with a timed mock interview, spaced repetition on the ones you miss, and a readiness score. Take it offline in the app.
Keep studying
US Citizenship Test practice
Every civics question for both the 2008 and 2025 tests, a timed mock interview, and your readiness score. Free.
Reading and writing vocabulary
The official USCIS reading and writing word lists, the same ones in the PDF.
Study guides and articles
Plain-language guides to the interview, the two test versions, and how to prepare.
Unofficial study aid by Citizen Pass, operated by Oddly Sunny LLC. Not affiliated with USCIS or any government agency. The official civics questions are published by U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services.