Australia's Democratic Beliefs, Rights and Liberties

Democratic beliefs

Australia is a parliamentary democracy. Its democratic beliefs are the foundation of our way of life and include:

• Parliamentary democracy — laws are made by parliaments elected by the people.
• The rule of law — everyone is bound by and equal under the law, including those who govern.
• Living peacefully — settling disagreements through discussion, debate and democratic processes, not violence.
• Respect for all individuals regardless of background.

Freedoms

Australians enjoy fundamental freedoms protected by our laws and traditions.

• Freedom of speech and expression — Australians are free to say and write what they think, provided it does not harm others or break the law.
• Freedom of religion — Australians can follow any religion, or no religion at all. There is no official national religion.
• Freedom of association — Australians can join groups, political parties, trade unions, clubs or community organisations.
• Freedom of movement — Australians can move freely within the country and travel overseas.

Equality

• All Australians are equal under the law, regardless of race, country of birth, cultural background, gender, religion, age, marital status, disability, or political beliefs.
• Men and women have equal rights.
• Equality of opportunity and a "fair go" for everyone are central Australian values.
• Discrimination on the basis of race, religion, gender or other protected attributes is against the law.

Rights and responsibilities of citizens

Australian citizenship carries important rights and responsibilities. These include both legal obligations and shared commitments to the community.

Rights of Australian citizens include:

• The right to vote in federal and state or territory elections, and at referendums.
• The right to apply for work in the Australian Public Service or the Australian Defence Force.
• The right to seek election to parliament.
• The right to apply for an Australian passport and to enter Australia freely.
• The right to ask for help from an Australian official while overseas.
• The right to register children born overseas as Australian citizens by descent.

Responsibilities of Australian citizens include:

• Obeying Australian laws.
• Voting in federal and state or territory elections, and at referendums (voting is compulsory for citizens aged 18 and over).
• Defending Australia, should the need arise.
• Serving on a jury if called.

Voting and jury service

Voting in Australia is compulsory for all citizens aged 18 or over. This applies at federal, state and territory elections, and at referendums.

Voting by secret ballot ensures every Australian can vote freely without fear of intimidation. The Australian Electoral Commission (AEC) runs federal elections independently and impartially.

Serving on a jury is another important responsibility. Trial by jury means ordinary Australians help decide whether a person accused of a serious crime is guilty.